Plastics have become integral to modern life, offering versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness across various sectors. Their unique properties have led to significant advancements in healthcare, food packaging, and daily conveniences, underscoring their role as life-saving materials.​

In the medical field, plastics are indispensable. They are used in the manufacturing of sterile syringes, intravenous bags, prosthetics, and heart valves, among others. The lightweight nature and moldability of plastics allow for the creation of complex medical devices that are both cost-effective and single-use, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and infection. For instance, plastic packaging helps keep medical tools and equipment germ-free, ensuring patient safety during medical procedures.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, plastics played a vital role in protecting public health and ensuring the safety of healthcare workers and patients. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as face masks, gloves, face shields, and medical gowns, were predominantly made from plastic materials, providing effective barriers against viral transmission. Additionally, plastic-based medical supplies, including ventilators, testing kits, and vaccine syringes, were essential for patient care and mass immunization efforts. Single-use plastics ensured hygiene and minimized contamination risks in hospitals and public spaces. While the pandemic highlighted the indispensable nature of plastics, it also underscored the need for sustainable disposal and recycling strategies to manage plastic waste effectively.

In the realm of food packaging, plastics play a crucial role in preserving the freshness and safety of food products. Plastic wraps, containers, and bottles provide barriers against moisture, oxygen, and contaminants, extending the shelf life of perishable goods and reducing food waste. The flexibility and strength of plastics make them ideal for creating airtight seals that protect food from spoilage during transportation and storage. However, it’s important to note that while plastics offer these benefits, there are concerns about microplastics leaching into food products, which can have health implications. ​

Beyond healthcare and food packaging, plastics are integral to various aspects of daily life. They are found in household items, electronics, clothing, and automobiles, contributing to convenience, safety, and efficiency. For example, plastic insulation in wiring prevents electrical hazards, while plastic components in vehicles reduce weight, improving fuel efficiency.

While the benefits of plastics are undeniable, their widespread use has led to environmental and health challenges. Plastic pollution, particularly microplastics, has become a global concern. Microplastics have been detected in human organs, including the brain, with potential health implications such as inflammation and cellular damage. Recent studies have found significant amounts of microplastics in human brains, with higher levels observed in individuals with neurological conditions.

To mitigate the negative impacts of plastic use, it is essential to adopt sustainable practices. This includes reducing reliance on single-use plastics, improving recycling technologies, and developing biodegradable alternatives. In healthcare, balancing the critical benefits of plastic medical devices with environmental considerations is crucial. Innovations in biodegradable medical plastics and improved waste management systems are steps toward sustainability. Plastics have undeniably transformed modern life, offering life-saving applications in healthcare, preserving food safety, and contributing to daily conveniences. However, addressing the environmental and health challenges associated with plastic use is imperative. By embracing sustainable practices and advancing material science, society can continue to reap the benefits of plastics while safeguarding health and the environment.

Role of plastics as lifesaving material in modern healthcare, food packaging and daily life

This Blog by Dr. Aniruddha Chatterjee, Associate Professor, School of Engineering, Plastindia International University.